Among the types of statements protected from defamation claims by an absolute privilege are statements made in connection with the proceedings of bodies creating legislation. Earlier today, the Supreme Court of Virginia issued an opinion in Brooks-Buck v. Wahlstrom in which it offered some clarification regarding the scope of this legislative immunity. At issue was whether a school board member’s written statement was protected by common-law legislative immunity when made during internal disciplinary proceedings targeting another board member. The statement claimed that the plaintiff, Deborah Wahlstrom, had committed perjury in an earlier FOIA action.
The Court held that while initiating disciplinary proceedings against fellow board members is a protected legislative function, legislative immunity does not extend to statements about third parties when those statements are not integral to the legislative act itself. In affirming the lower court’s denial of immunity at the demurrer stage, the Court emphasized that the shield of legislative immunity does not protect defamatory statements that stray from the core purposes of legislative activity. (The Court did note, by the way, that the immunity argument should have been raised by a plea in bar, not a demurrer, since legislative immunity is an affirmative defense.)